Atlas of the Cryosphere: Southern Hemisphere The National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) Atlas of the Cryosphere is a map server that provides data and information pertinent to the frozen regions of Earth, including monthly climatologies of sea ice extent and concentration, snow cover extent, and snow water equivalent, in addition to glacier outlines, ice sheet elevation and accumulation, and more. In order to support polar projections, the Atlas is divided into two separate map servers: one for the Northern Hemisphere and one for the Southern Hemisphere. In addition to providing map images and source data through Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. (OGC) protocols (WMS, WFS, and WCS), a dynamic web interface for exploring these data is also available at http://nsidc.org/data/atlas. If you have questions, comments or suggestions, please contact NSIDC User Services at +1.303.492.6199 or nsidc@nsidc.org. The development of this map server application was supported by NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS) Program under contract NAS5-03099 and was developed using MapServer, an Open Source development environment for building spatially-enabled internet applications. To cite the Atlas of the Cryosphere: Maurer, J. 2007. Atlas of the Cryosphere. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/atlas/. Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Glacial Landforms/Processes Ice Sheets Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration Snow/Ice Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent Southern Hemisphere OGC WCS 1.1.1 none none National Snow and Ice Data Center NSIDC User Services User Services +1 303.492.6199 +1 303.492.2468 CIRES, 449 UCB, University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309-0449 USA nsidc@nsidc.org Our hours of operation are 9:00 A.M. to 5:00 P.M., U.S. Mountain Time, Monday through Friday. We are closed on most major United States holidays. None. resourceProvider WCS 1.1.1 WCS 1.1.1 sea_ice_concentration_01 sea_ice_concentration_02 sea_ice_concentration_03 sea_ice_concentration_04 sea_ice_concentration_05 sea_ice_concentration_06 sea_ice_concentration_07 sea_ice_concentration_08 sea_ice_concentration_09 sea_ice_concentration_10 sea_ice_concentration_11 sea_ice_concentration_12 antarctica_satellite_image seasonal_snow_classification_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_01_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_02_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_03_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_04_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_05_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_06_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_07_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_08_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_09_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_10_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_11_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_12_excluding_antarctica antarctica_accumulation_without_coastline antarctica_bedrock_elevation antarctica_elevation_above_100m WCS 1.1.1 sea_ice_concentration_01 sea_ice_concentration_02 sea_ice_concentration_03 sea_ice_concentration_04 sea_ice_concentration_05 sea_ice_concentration_06 sea_ice_concentration_07 sea_ice_concentration_08 sea_ice_concentration_09 sea_ice_concentration_10 sea_ice_concentration_11 sea_ice_concentration_12 antarctica_satellite_image seasonal_snow_classification_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_01_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_02_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_03_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_04_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_05_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_06_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_07_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_08_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_09_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_10_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_11_excluding_antarctica snow_water_equivalent_12_excluding_antarctica antarctica_accumulation_without_coastline antarctica_bedrock_elevation antarctica_elevation_above_100m NEAREST_NEIGHBOUR BILINEAR image/png image/tiff image/gif image/png; mode=24bit image/jpeg image/vnd.wap.wbmp false urn:ogc:def:crs:epsg::4326 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_01 Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration Southern Hemisphere Southern Ocean 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998618863 -53.7717181062498 178.854238518267 -34.9037152643753 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_02 Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration Southern Hemisphere Southern Ocean 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998618863 -53.7717181062498 178.854238518267 -34.9037152643753 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_03 Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration Southern Hemisphere Southern Ocean 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998618863 -53.7717181062498 178.854238518267 -34.9037152643753 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_04 Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration Southern Hemisphere Southern Ocean 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998618863 -53.7717181062498 178.854238518267 -34.9037152643753 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_05 Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration Southern Hemisphere Southern Ocean 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998618863 -53.7717181062498 178.854238518267 -34.9037152643753 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_06 Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration Southern Hemisphere Southern Ocean 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998618863 -53.7717181062498 178.854238518267 -34.9037152643753 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_07 Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration Southern Hemisphere Southern Ocean 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998618863 -53.7717181062498 178.854238518267 -34.9037152643753 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_08 Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration Southern Hemisphere Southern Ocean 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998618863 -53.7717181062498 178.854238518267 -34.9037152643753 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_09 Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration Southern Hemisphere Southern Ocean 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998618863 -53.7717181062498 178.854238518267 -34.9037152643753 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_10 Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration Southern Hemisphere Southern Ocean 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998618863 -53.7717181062498 178.854238518267 -34.9037152643753 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_11 Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration Southern Hemisphere Southern Ocean 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998618863 -53.7717181062498 178.854238518267 -34.9037152643753 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_12 Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration Southern Hemisphere Southern Ocean 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998618863 -53.7717181062498 178.854238518267 -34.9037152643753 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Haran, T., J. Bohlander, T. Scambos, T. Painter, and M. Fahnestock compilers. 2005, updated 2006. MODIS mosaic of Antarctica (MOA) image map. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0280.html. Background: The MODIS Mosaic of Antarctica (MOA) surface morphology image map is derived from composites of 260 MODIS (Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) orbit swaths acquired between 20 November 2003 and 29 February 2004. The MOA provides a cloud-free view of the ice sheet, ice shelves, and land surfaces. All land areas larger than a few hundred meters that are south of 60 deg S are included in the mosaic, as well as persistent fast ice regions and some grounded icebergs present near the coast in the 2003-2004 austral summer. The MOA surface morphology image map is derived from digitally processed MODIS Band 1 data: this is viewable in the Atlas of the Cryosphere at a grid scale of 125 m. Haran, T., J. Bohlander, T. Scambos, T. Painter, and M. Fahnestock compilers. 2005, updated 2006. MODIS mosaic of Antarctica (MOA) image map. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0280.html. Background: The MODIS Mosaic of Antarctica (MOA) surface morphology image map is derived from composites of 260 MODIS (Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) orbit swaths acquired between 20 November 2003 and 29 February 2004. The MOA provides a cloud-free view of the ice sheet, ice shelves, and land surfaces. All land areas larger than a few hundred meters that are south of 60 deg S are included in the mosaic, as well as persistent fast ice regions and some grounded icebergs present near the coast in the 2003-2004 austral summer. The MOA surface morphology image map is derived from digitally processed MODIS Band 1 data: this is viewable in the Atlas of the Cryosphere at a grid scale of 125 m. antarctica_satellite_image Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Glacial Landforms/Processes Ice Sheets Polar Surface Morphology 0 0 48332 48332 -3174450 -3225675 2867175 2815950 -179.417324048405 -64.4944023635578 179.509569483768 -49.9903764186185 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Liston, G.E., and M. Sturm. 1998. Global seasonal snow classification system. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/arcss045.html. 31 August 2006. Background: Based on the physical properties of the snow (depth, density, thermal conductivity, number of layers, degree of wetting, etc.), the world's seasonal snow covers are divided into six classes, plus classes for water and ice fields. Each class is defined by its physical properties, then empirically related to climate using three variables (precipitation, wind, and air temperature). A vegetation proxy was used for wind data: tall vegetation equals low wind, short vegetation equals high wind. NOTE: WCS requests include Antarctica (despite the layer name) while WMS requests do not. Liston, G.E., and M. Sturm. 1998. Global seasonal snow classification system. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/arcss045.html. 31 August 2006. Background: Based on the physical properties of the snow (depth, density, thermal conductivity, number of layers, degree of wetting, etc.), the world's seasonal snow covers are divided into six classes, plus classes for water and ice fields. Each class is defined by its physical properties, then empirically related to climate using three variables (precipitation, wind, and air temperature). A vegetation proxy was used for wind data: tall vegetation equals low wind, short vegetation equals high wind. seasonal_snow_classification_excluding_antarctica Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Polar Snow Cover Snow Classification Southern Hemisphere 0 0 996 996 -12500000 -12500000 12500000 12500000 -178.854237161825 -90 180 87.839987219029 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). NOTE: WCS requests include Antarctica (despite the layer name) while WMS requests do not. Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_01_excluding_antarctica Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent Southern Hemisphere 0 0 996 996 -12500000 -12500000 12500000 12500000 -178.854237161825 -90 180 87.839987219029 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). NOTE: WCS requests include Antarctica (despite the layer name) while WMS requests do not. Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_02_excluding_antarctica Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent Southern Hemisphere 0 0 996 996 -12500000 -12500000 12500000 12500000 -178.854237161825 -90 180 87.839987219029 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). NOTE: WCS requests include Antarctica (despite the layer name) while WMS requests do not. Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_03_excluding_antarctica Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent Southern Hemisphere 0 0 996 996 -12500000 -12500000 12500000 12500000 -178.854237161825 -90 180 87.839987219029 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). NOTE: WCS requests include Antarctica (despite the layer name) while WMS requests do not. Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_04_excluding_antarctica Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent Southern Hemisphere 0 0 996 996 -12500000 -12500000 12500000 12500000 -178.854237161825 -90 180 87.839987219029 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids).i NOTE: WCS requests include Antarctica (despite the layer name) while WMS requests do not. Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_05_excluding_antarctica Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent Southern Hemisphere 0 0 996 996 -12500000 -12500000 12500000 12500000 -178.854237161825 -90 180 87.839987219029 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). NOTE: WCS requests include Antarctica (despite the layer name) while WMS requests do not. Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_06_excluding_antarctica Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent Southern Hemisphere 0 0 996 996 -12500000 -12500000 12500000 12500000 -178.854237161825 -90 180 87.839987219029 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). NOTE: WCS requests include Antarctica (despite the layer name) while WMS requests do not. Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_07_excluding_antarctica Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent Southern Hemisphere 0 0 996 996 -12500000 -12500000 12500000 12500000 -178.854237161825 -90 180 87.839987219029 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). NOTE: WCS requests include Antarctica (despite the layer name) while WMS requests do not. Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_08_excluding_antarctica Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent Southern Hemisphere 0 0 996 996 -12500000 -12500000 12500000 12500000 -178.854237161825 -90 180 87.839987219029 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). NOTE: WCS requests include Antarctica (despite the layer name) while WMS requests do not. Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_09_excluding_antarctica Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent Southern Hemisphere 0 0 996 996 -12500000 -12500000 12500000 12500000 -178.854237161825 -90 180 87.839987219029 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). NOTE: WCS requests include Antarctica (despite the layer name) while WMS requests do not. Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_10_excluding_antarctica Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent Southern Hemisphere 0 0 996 996 -12500000 -12500000 12500000 12500000 -178.854237161825 -90 180 87.839987219029 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). NOTE: WCS requests include Antarctica (despite the layer name) while WMS requests do not. Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_11_excluding_antarctica Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent Southern Hemisphere 0 0 996 996 -12500000 -12500000 12500000 12500000 -178.854237161825 -90 180 87.839987219029 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). NOTE: WCS requests include Antarctica (despite the layer name) while WMS requests do not. Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_12_excluding_antarctica Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent Southern Hemisphere 0 0 996 996 -12500000 -12500000 12500000 12500000 -178.854237161825 -90 180 87.839987219029 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Arthern, R.J., D.P. Winebrenner, and D.G. Vaughan. 2006. Antarctic snow accumulation mapped using polarization of 4.3-cm wavelength microwave emission. Journal of Geophysical Research. 111, D06107, doi:10.1029/2004JD005667. Data provided by the British Antarctic Survery, Cambridge, UK. Available at http://www.antarctica.ac.uk/Resources/PSD/snow_accumulation/. 27 October 2006. Background: The map of Antarctic snow accumulation is derived from a compilation of field measurements. Satellite observations from AMSR-E and AVHRR instruments are used to guide the interpolation. The effective resolution of the map is approximately 100 km. The estimates of root mean square percentage error apply to regional averages at scales of around 100 km by 100 km. On smaller scales, additional deviations of 30% r.m.s. are likely. Values for locations subject to melt may be unreliable. From this map we obtain a value of 143 +/- 4 mm per year for the average rate of snow accumulation upon the grounded ice sheet of Antarctica. Arthern, R.J., D.P. Winebrenner, and D.G. Vaughan. 2006. Antarctic snow accumulation mapped using polarization of 4.3-cm wavelength microwave emission. Journal of Geophysical Research. 111, D06107, doi:10.1029/2004JD005667. Data provided by the British Antarctic Survery, Cambridge, UK. Available at http://www.antarctica.ac.uk/Resources/PSD/snow_accumulation/. 27 October 2006. Background: The map of Antarctic snow accumulation is derived from a compilation of field measurements. Satellite observations from AMSR-E and AVHRR instruments are used to guide the interpolation. The effective resolution of the map is approximately 100 km. The estimates of root mean square percentage error apply to regional averages at scales of around 100 km by 100 km. On smaller scales, additional deviations of 30% r.m.s. are likely. Values for locations subject to melt may be unreliable. From this map we obtain a value of 143 +/- 4 mm per year for the average rate of snow accumulation upon the grounded ice sheet of Antarctica. antarctica_accumulation_without_coastline Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Ice Sheets Polar Snow Accumulation Snow Water Equivalent 0 0 315 331 -3950000 -3950000 3950000 4350000 -178.854237161825 -54.7557082804248 180 -39.363354916617 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Lythe, M. B., D. G. Vaughan, and the BEDMAP Consortium. 2000. BEDMAP - bed topography of the Antarctic. Cambridge, United Kingdom: British Antarctic Survey. Digital Media. Available at http://www.antarctica.ac.uk//bas_research/data/access/bedmap/. Accessed 28 June 2008. Background: The BEDMAP project was conceived as an attempt to rationalise the coverage of ice thickness measurements over Antarctica, collect the data together and produce a new topographic model of the bed of the Antarctic Ice Sheet, to provide a new basis for all aspects of Antarctic geoscience. Includes the entire area south of 60 degrees south latitude. Resolution: 5 km. Time Period: 1951-1999. Sources: ground-based and airborne surveys, primarily from radar and seismic sounding as well as gravimetric measurements. Elevations are relative to the OSU91A geoid. Lythe, M. B., D. G. Vaughan, and the BEDMAP Consortium. 2000. BEDMAP - bed topography of the Antarctic. Cambridge, United Kingdom: British Antarctic Survey. Digital Media. Available at http://www.antarctica.ac.uk//bas_research/data/access/bedmap/. Accessed 28 June 2008. Background: The BEDMAP project was conceived as an attempt to rationalise the coverage of ice thickness measurements over Antarctica, collect the data together and produce a new topographic model of the bed of the Antarctic Ice Sheet, to provide a new basis for all aspects of Antarctic geoscience. Includes the entire area south of 60 degrees south latitude. Resolution: 5 km. Time Period: 1951-1999. Sources: ground-based and airborne surveys, primarily from radar and seismic sounding as well as gravimetric measurements. Elevations are relative to the OSU91A geoid. antarctica_bedrock_elevation Antarctica Bedrock Elevation Cryosphere Earth Science Ice Sheets Ice Sheet Elevation Polar 0 0 1332 1332 -3330000 -3335000 3335000 3330000 -178.898029672624 -60.0269755419945 179.95704964859 -48.4415197516681 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761 Liu, H., K. Jezek, B. Li, and Z. Zhao. 2001. Radarsat Antarctic Mapping Project digital elevation model version 2. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0082.html. 01 November 2006. Background: The high-resolution Radarsat Antarctic Mapping Project (RAMP) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) combines topographic data from a variety of sources to provide consistent coverage of all of Antarctica. Version 2 improves upon the original version by incorporating new topographic data, error corrections, extended coverage, and other modifications. The DEM incorporates topographic data from satellite radar altimetry, airborne radar surveys, the recently-updated Antarctic Digital Database (version 2), and large-scale topographic maps from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Australian Antarctic Division. Data were collected between the 1940s and present, with most collected during the 1980s and 1990s. Although the RAMP DEM was created to aid in processing RAMP radar data, it does not utilize any RAMP radar data. The Atlas of the Cryosphere uses the RAMP DEM gridded at 1 km. NOTE: WCS requests include elevations below 100 m (despite the layer name) while WMS requests do not. Liu, H., K. Jezek, B. Li, and Z. Zhao. 2001. Radarsat Antarctic Mapping Project digital elevation model version 2. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0082.html. 01 November 2006. Background: The high-resolution Radarsat Antarctic Mapping Project (RAMP) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) combines topographic data from a variety of sources to provide consistent coverage of all of Antarctica. Version 2 improves upon the original version by incorporating new topographic data, error corrections, extended coverage, and other modifications. The DEM incorporates topographic data from satellite radar altimetry, airborne radar surveys, the recently-updated Antarctic Digital Database (version 2), and large-scale topographic maps from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Australian Antarctic Division. Data were collected between the 1940s and present, with most collected during the 1980s and 1990s. Although the RAMP DEM was created to aid in processing RAMP radar data, it does not utilize any RAMP radar data. The Atlas of the Cryosphere uses the RAMP DEM gridded at 1 km. antarctica_elevation_above_100m Antarctica Cryosphere Earth Science Ice Sheets Ice Sheet Elevation Polar 0 0 5735 4915 -2868000 -2458000 2868000 2458000 -178.663185706785 -67.6536030512112 180 -56.2110109437751 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3409 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3412 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3974 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3976 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32761